Research & Science
Science is
the product
Every formula we sell starts with peer-reviewed evidence. We partner with leading institutions, test every batch, and track outcomes with biomarkers — not guesswork.
How we work
Mechanism-first formulation
We start with the biological pathway, not the ingredient trend.
Third-party tested, every batch
COA available on request. Purity and potency verified externally.
Institutional partnerships
Working with NUS and primary peer-reviewed sources.
Biomarker-tracked outcomes
We measure NAD+, run diagnostics, and iterate based on data.
Institutional credibility
Research built on evidence
National University of Singapore — Research Collaboration
Xandro Lab works with NUS researchers to validate formulations and explore the science of healthy aging in Asian populations. Our joint webinar on longevity nutrition is available to watch below.
Watch the NUS webinarDuke-NUS 2014 — Nature Publication
The MFSD2A discovery by Nguyen et al., published in Nature in 2014, established that LPC-DHA — not free DHA — is the primary form in which omega-3 crosses the blood-brain barrier. This is the peer-reviewed basis for LPC NEURO.
Read the Nature paperHow we formulate
From mechanism to product
Identify the mechanism
We start with a biological pathway backed by peer-reviewed research — not an ingredient that's currently trending.
Source the clinical form
We use the exact bioavailable form shown to work in studies — not a cheaper analogue that skips the evidence.
Third-party lab test
Every batch is independently tested for purity and potency. Certificates of Analysis available on request.
Track with biomarkers
We run our own NAD+ and diagnostic testing protocols and continuously review outcomes to improve formulations.
The people behind the formulas
Scientific team & advisors
Xandro Lab combines in-house product science with advisory expertise spanning NAD+ biochemistry, exercise physiology, lipid metabolism, and healthy longevity research.
Scientific Team
Dr Eugene He
Founder & Chief Product Officer
Xandro Lab
Product strategy, ingredient sourcing, and clinical formulation direction.
Dr Toby Chin
Principal Scientist
Xandro Lab
Research review, evidence evaluation, and formulation scientific oversight.
Research Advisors
Professor Nguyen Nam Long
Associate Professor
NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
Lipid transport, MFSD2A biology, blood-brain barrier, and DHA metabolism. Lead author, 2014 Nature paper.
Professor Vincenzo Sorrentino
Assistant Professor, Biochemistry & Healthy Longevity TRP
NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
NAD+ metabolism, mitochondria, proteostasis, and aging. Publications in Nature and Cell Reports.
Professor Jorming Goh
Assistant Professor, Exercise Physiology
National University of Singapore
Exercise science, metabolic health, and physical performance in aging populations.
Kamil Pabis
Research Scientist
Longevity biology, ingredient evidence review, and mechanistic research.
Past Advisors
Dr Hisham
Past Research Advisor
Research library
Science behind each product
LPC NEURO
Your brain has a barrier. Most fish oil struggles to cross it.
Most DHA supplements never reach the brain. LPC NEURO uses Lysoveta® LPC-DHA — the only form of omega-3 that crosses the blood-brain barrier via the MFSD2A transporter, discovered by Duke-NUS in a 2014 Nature study.
- Nguyen et al. (2014) — MFSD2A is the major transporter for DHA into the brain. Nature. Duke-NUS.
- LPC-DHA shows superior brain DHA accumulation vs. free DHA in preclinical studies.
- Lysoveta® is the only commercially available LPC-DHA ingredient with clinical backing.
Protocol X V3
NAD+ fuel. Cellular repair. Senolytic support.
Protocol X targets three interdependent longevity pathways: NAD+ restoration via NMN, AKG-mediated epigenetic remodelling via Calcium AKG, and senescent cell clearance via Quercetin.
- Rajman et al. (2018) — NMN restores NAD+ and extends healthspan. Cell Metabolism.
- Shahmirzadi et al. (2020) — Alpha-ketoglutarate extends lifespan and reduces frailty. Cell Metabolism.
- Hickson et al. (2019) — Senolytics decrease senescent cells in humans. EBioMedicine.
NEURO X
Six ingredients. Six mechanisms. One system built to keep your brain sharp.
NEURO X combines six clinically studied ingredients to support memory, focus, and long-term brain health — each chosen for what it does, not how it sounds.
- Rai et al. (2025) — Somin-on™ improved memory, learning, and attention in adults with early cognitive decline.
- Morgan et al. (2010) — BacoMind™ improved recall and verbal learning in older adults across multiple randomised trials.
NMN
NAD⁺ declines with age. NMN is the most direct way to restore it.
NMN sits one step from NAD⁺ in your body's main recycling pathway — bypassing the rate-limiting bottleneck that worsens with age. Each capsule delivers 500mg of β-NMN at 99.9% purity.
- Yi et al. (2023) — NMN significantly increased blood NAD⁺ and improved physical endurance in a randomised, dose-dependent trial in healthy middle-aged adults.
- Yoshino et al. (2021) — NMN improved muscle insulin sensitivity in overweight postmenopausal women with prediabetes.
- Katayoshi et al. (2023) — NMN reduced arterial stiffness after 12 weeks in adults with elevated metabolic risk.
Magnesium Glycinate
Most people don't get enough magnesium. Even fewer absorb it well.
Magnesium glycinate pairs magnesium with glycine for superior absorption and gentle tolerability — supporting sleep, muscle recovery, bone health, and energy metabolism without the digestive side effects of other forms.
- Abbasi et al. (2012) — Magnesium supplementation significantly improved sleep time, efficiency, and reduced insomnia severity in an RCT in elderly adults.
- Veronese et al. (2014) — 12 weeks of magnesium improved physical performance scores and walking speed in healthy elderly women.
- Reno et al. (2022) — Magnesium significantly reduced muscle soreness at 24, 36, and 48 hours post-exercise.
Joint Recovery
Real relief. No NSAIDs. No side effects.
Joint Recovery combines Mangoselect® mangosteen extract and SCP-II Proteoglycan from salmon cartilage — two clinically studied ingredients that ease joint discomfort, restore mobility, and support long-term cartilage health.
- Romain & Cases (2015) — Mangoselect® reduced soft tissue pain by 37.4% in just 5 days in a pilot clinical investigation.
- Tomonaga et al. (2017) — Salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan significantly reduced type II collagen degradation in a 16-week RCT.
- Nakatani et al. (2002) — γ-Mangostin directly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme activity.
By ingredient
β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide
Calcium salt form
Lysoveta® — fish oil enzymatic conversion
Quercetin dihydrate
Magnesium + Glycine
Standardised xanthone extract
SCP-II Proteoglycan
BacoMind™ standardised
We test ourselves first
Biomarker-tracked outcomes
Any brand can cite a study. We go further by running our own biomarker protocols and diagnostics programme — tracking whether our formulations actually move the needle in real people.
NAD+
Internal testing protocol
We track NAD+/NADH ratios as part of our Protocol X validation. What we measure, what we see, and what it means for the formula — documented and shared with our community.
Longevity Diagnostics
For adults 40-60
Our diagnostics programme runs comprehensive biomarker panels — metabolic, inflammatory, and hormonal markers — and maps results to personalised supplement protocols.
Xandro × NUS
Watch our research webinar
Our collaboration with NUS brought together researchers and practitioners to discuss the science of longevity nutrition — including the mechanisms behind our formulations.
Watch the webinarLPC NEURO · Lysoveta®
LPC-DHA
Lysophosphatidylcholine DHA — the only form of omega-3 that crosses the blood-brain barrier via MFSD2A.
The mechanism
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a tight cellular wall that blocks most large molecules from entering the brain. Standard fish oil contains free DHA — which cannot cross the BBB efficiently, as it is not a substrate for the MFSD2A transporter that guards this interface.
In 2014, researchers at Duke-NUS discovered that MFSD2A specifically recognises and actively transports DHA only when bound to lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). LPC-DHA is the form the body naturally uses to shuttle DHA into the brain. Lysoveta® replicates this form at pharmaceutical-grade purity — 500mg per serving.
Pathway
Evidence
LPC-DHA has no human intervention trials at this time. Evidence is mechanistic and genetic.
Nguyen et al., 2014
Mfsd2a is a transporter for the essential omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid
Discovered MFSD2A as the specific BBB transporter for LPC-DHA. Mice lacking MFSD2A had severely reduced brain DHA and microcephaly. Establishes LPC-DHA as the required form for brain DHA uptake.
Nature, 509(7501):503-506. Duke-NUS Medical School.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Alakbarzade et al., 2015
First human genetic evidence that impaired LPC-DHA transport at the blood-brain barrier leads to progressive neurological decline, confirming the MFSD2A pathway is essential for brain development and function.
Nature Genetics, 47(7):814-817.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Cunnane et al., 2012
Plasma and Brain Fatty Acid Profiles in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease
Brain and plasma DHA levels are reduced in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment compared to cognitively healthy individuals, supporting the rationale for targeted brain DHA supplementation.
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 29(3):691-697.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing & form
500mg
Per serving
1×
Daily
Lysoveta®
Branded clinical form
Safety profile
FAQ
Protocol X V3 · Multi-pathway formula
NMN + Calcium AKG + Quercetin
Three interdependent longevity pathways. Select an ingredient below.
The mechanism
NAD+ is a coenzyme essential for energy production, DNA repair, and sirtuin activity. Levels fall by ~50% between ages 20 and 60. NMN is the immediate precursor to NAD+ in the NAMPT-dependent salvage pathway — bypassing the rate-limiting NAMPT step that becomes less efficient with age. In Protocol X V3, NMN is dosed at 400mg.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Yi et al., 2023
60-day RCT in 80 adults aged 40-65. NMN (300-900mg/day) increased blood NAD+ dose-dependently, improved six-minute walking distance, and maintained biological age vs. placebo.
GeroScience, 45(1):29-43.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Okabe et al., 2022
Oral administration of NMN is safe and efficiently increases blood NAD+ levels in healthy subjects
12-week RCT in 31 healthy adults. 250mg/day NMN significantly increased whole blood NAD+ with no adverse effects.
Frontiers in Nutrition, 9:868640.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Irie et al., 2020
Effect of oral NMN on clinical parameters and nicotinamide metabolite levels in healthy Japanese men
Single-dose safety study. 100-500mg NMN well tolerated with dose-dependent increases in NAD+ metabolites confirmed within hours.
Endocrine Journal, 67(2):153-160.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Preclinical studies
Mills et al., 2016
Long-term NMN administration mitigates age-associated physiological decline in mice
12-month NMN in aged mice suppressed age-associated weight gain, improved glucose tolerance, enhanced energy metabolism, and improved eye function. No toxicity observed.
Cell Metabolism, 24(6):795-806.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing in Protocol X V3
400mg
Per sachet
Morning
Optimal timing
99.9%
Purity verified
The mechanism
Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a key TCA cycle intermediate that declines nearly tenfold between ages 40 and 80. Beyond energy metabolism, AKG is an obligate co-factor for TET DNA demethylases — enzymes that remove age-accumulated methyl groups from DNA, supporting a younger epigenetic profile. AKG also inhibits mTOR and activates AMPK, mimicking aspects of caloric restriction. The calcium salt form provides stability and oral bioavailability.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Demidenko et al., 2021
Sustained-release Ca-AKG for an average of 7 months in 42 adults decreased biological age by approximately 8 years as measured by DNA methylation clocks.
Aging (Albany NY), 13(22):24485.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Filip et al., 2007
Six months of AKG supplementation reduced bone resorption marker CTX and modestly increased lumbar spine bone mineral density in postmenopausal women vs. calcium alone.
Int. Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 77(2):89-97.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Preclinical studies
Shahmirzadi et al., 2020
Ca-AKG extended median lifespan by ~16.6% in mice, reduced frailty scores, and suppressed systemic inflammation — extending healthy lifespan, not just total lifespan.
Cell Metabolism, 32(3):447-456. Buck Institute for Research on Aging.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing in Protocol X V3
500mg
Per sachet
Ca salt
Stable, bioavailable
Daily
Consistent use
FAQ
The mechanism
Quercetin is a senolytic flavonoid found in onions, apples, and tea. As cells age, some become senescent — they stop dividing but resist programmed death, secreting pro-inflammatory signals (the SASP) that damage neighbouring cells. Quercetin selectively eliminates these "zombie cells" by inhibiting the BCL-2 and BCL-XL anti-apoptotic proteins they rely on to survive. Quercetin also suppresses NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammatory signalling and protects against oxidative DNA stress.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Hickson et al., 2019
First human clinical evidence that senolytic treatment (Dasatinib + Quercetin) decreases senescent cell burden in adipose tissue in humans, with accompanying reductions in inflammatory markers.
EBioMedicine, 47. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.069
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Leyva-Soto et al., 2021
Quercetin plus epicatechin in adults with metabolic syndrome reduced total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, fasting glucose, and decreased nuclear abnormalities in buccal cells, indicating genomic protection.
Food Research International, 142:110101.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Preclinical studies
Parvizi et al., 2021
Senolytic agents lessen the severity of abdominal aortic aneurysm in aged mice
D+Q reduced vascular inflammation, senescent cell burden, and TNF-α/IL-1β in aged mice, while increasing elastin — demonstrating tissue-level senolytic benefit.
Experimental Gerontology, 151:111416.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing in Protocol X V3
200mg
Per sachet
With food
Fat enhances absorption
Daily
Consistent intake
FAQ
NMN · Longevity · NAD⁺ Restoration
β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide
Direct NAD⁺ precursor — cellular energy, metabolic resilience, and healthy ageing.
The mechanism
NAD+ is essential for mitochondrial energy production, DNA repair via PARP enzymes, and longevity signalling via sirtuins. Between the ages of 20 and 60, NAD+ levels fall by roughly 50% across tissues including muscle, brain, liver, and blood vessels.
NMN is the immediate precursor to NAD+ in the NAMPT-dependent salvage pathway. Unlike nicotinamide (NAM), which must pass through the rate-limiting NAMPT enzyme step first, supplemental NMN bypasses this bottleneck entirely — entering the pathway one step ahead, where age-related decline hits hardest.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Yi et al., 2023
60-day RCT in 80 adults aged 40-65. NMN (300-900mg/day) significantly increased blood NAD+ dose-dependently, improved six-minute walking distance, maintained biological age, and improved self-reported health vs. placebo. No adverse effects.
GeroScience, 45(1):29-43.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Yoshino et al., 2021
Nicotinamide mononucleotide increases muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women
10-week RCT in 25 overweight/obese postmenopausal women with prediabetes. 250mg/day NMN significantly increased insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and enhanced skeletal muscle insulin signalling vs. placebo.
Science, 372(6547):1224-1229.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Katayoshi et al., 2023
12-week RCT in adults aged 40-65 with elevated arterial stiffness. 250mg/day NMN reduced brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity vs. placebo, with greater effects in those with higher BMI and elevated blood glucose.
Scientific Reports, 13(1):2786.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Morifuji et al., 2024
12-week RCT in adults aged 65+. 250mg/day NMN maintained 4-metre walking performance where placebo declined, and improved sleep quality and daytime function scores.
GeroScience, 46(5):4671-4688.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Liao et al., 2021
NMN supplementation enhances aerobic capacity in amateur runners: a randomized, double-blind study
6-week RCT in recreational runners. NMN (300-1200mg/day) enhanced submaximal aerobic capacity and increased power output at ventilatory thresholds 1 and 2 in a dose-dependent manner.
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 18:1-9.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Preclinical studies
Mills et al., 2016
Long-term NMN administration mitigates age-associated physiological decline in mice
12-month NMN in aged mice suppressed weight gain, improved glucose tolerance, reduced triglyceride accumulation, enhanced energy metabolism, and improved eye function. No toxicity observed.
Cell Metabolism, 24(6):795-806.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Tarantini et al., 2019
NMN supplementation reverses vascular dysfunction and oxidative stress with aging in mice
NMN restored endothelium-dependent vasodilation, improved neurovascular coupling, and reduced vascular reactive oxygen species in aged mice.
Redox Biology, 24:101192.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
NMN vs other NAD⁺ precursors
| NAM | NR | NMN | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Steps to NAD+ | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Bypasses NAMPT | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ |
| Sirtuin inhibition risk | ✓ (at high dose) | ✗ | ✗ |
| Physical function data | Limited | Limited | Yes |
Dosing & form
500mg
Per capsule
1 capsule
Daily
99.9%
Purity · GMP certified
500mg falls within the studied dose range and exceeds the 250mg dose used in most human RCTs. Third-party tested for heavy metals, microbial contaminants, and purity.
Safety profile
FAQ
Magnesium Glycinate · General Wellness
Magnesium Glycinate
Highly bioavailable magnesium — sleep, muscle, bone, energy, and immune function.
The mechanism
Magnesium is involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions — from energy production and protein synthesis to nerve function and muscle contraction. Despite its importance, magnesium deficiency is one of the most common nutritional shortfalls in modern populations, with symptoms including muscle cramps, fatigue, poor sleep, and irritability.
Magnesium glycinate pairs elemental magnesium with glycine — an amino acid that acts as a carrier, improving absorption and reducing the digestive side effects associated with forms like magnesium oxide. The glycine component also has its own calming and sleep-supporting properties.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Abbasi et al., 2012
8-week double-blind RCT in 46 elderly adults. Magnesium significantly increased sleep time, sleep efficiency, and serum melatonin, while reducing insomnia severity, sleep onset latency, and serum cortisol vs. placebo.
Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 17(12):1161-1169. PMID: 23853635
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Veronese et al., 2014
12-week RCT in 139 healthy elderly women. Magnesium (300mg/day) significantly improved total physical performance battery score, chair stand times, and 4-metre walking speed vs. control.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 100(3):974-981.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Reno et al., 2022
Effects of magnesium supplementation on muscle soreness and performance
Double-blind study in college-aged participants. Magnesium significantly reduced muscle soreness at 24, 36, and 48 hours post-exercise, lowered perceived exertion during exercise, and improved perceived recovery vs. placebo.
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 36(8):2198-2203.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Barna et al., 2021
60-day RCT in 216 participants. Magnesium produced a significantly greater reduction in nocturnal leg cramp frequency and duration vs. placebo, with improved sleep quality.
Nutrition Journal, 20(1):1-12.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Lötscher et al., 2022
Magnesium sensing via LFA-1 regulates CD8+ T cell effector function
Human and experimental data showing T cell immune function depends on adequate magnesium availability via the LFA-1 surface protein. Low blood magnesium was associated with poorer outcomes in cancer immunotherapy.
Cell, 185(4):585-602.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Brilla & Haley, 1992
Effect of magnesium supplementation on strength training in humans
7-week RCT in 26 untrained subjects. The magnesium-supplemented group showed significantly greater improvements in absolute torque, adjusted torque, and lean body mass vs. placebo during strength training.
Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 11(3):326-329.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Review & mechanistic evidence
De Baaij et al., 2015
Magnesium in man: implications for health and disease
Comprehensive review of magnesium physiology including its role in intracellular protein synthesis, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation. Intracellular magnesium concentration is tightly regulated and directly influences protein synthesis rates.
Physiological Reviews, 95(1):1-46.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Why magnesium glycinate?
| Form | Absorption | Digestive tolerability | Best for |
|---|---|---|---|
| Magnesium Oxide | Low | Poor at high doses | Low cost only |
| Magnesium Citrate | Moderate | Moderate | General use |
| Magnesium Glycinate | High | Excellent | Sleep, recovery, daily use |
| Magnesium Malate | Moderate | Good | Energy support |
Dosing & form
500mg
Per serving (2 capsules)
Evening
Preferred timing
Vegan
Hypromellose capsule
Safety profile
FAQ
NEURO X · Cognitive Performance · Nootropic Stack
Six ingredients. Six mechanisms.
Each ingredient selected for what it does, not how it sounds. Select below.
The mechanism
Somin-on™ is standardised to sominone (NLT 2%) — a neuroactive metabolite of ashwagandha that directly activates the RET receptor in the brain, triggering ERK and AKT signalling cascades that promote neuronal growth, increase synaptic density, and support mitochondrial stability. This is distinct from conventional ashwagandha extracts, which act primarily via stress and cortisol adaptation.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Rai & Mishra, 2025
60-day RCT. Somin-on™ (250mg/day) significantly improved short- and long-term logical memory, verbal recall, visual memory, working memory, spatial reasoning, and global cognitive composite scores vs. placebo in adults with mild cognitive impairment.
Journal of Psychopharmacology, 39(4):350-363.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Preclinical studies
Tohda & Joyashiki, 2009
Sominone activated RET phosphorylation in cortical neurons, increased axonal and dendritic length dose-dependently, and improved spatial memory and hippocampal synaptic density in vivo. RET knockdown abolished these effects.
British Journal of Pharmacology, 157(8):1427-1440.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing & form
200mg
Per serving
Daily
1× daily
NLT 2%
Sominone standardised
FAQ
The mechanism
BacoMind™ is a standardised extract of Bacopa monnieri containing consistent concentrations of bacosides. Bacosides inhibit acetylcholinesterase — the enzyme that degrades acetylcholine — keeping more of this critical neurotransmitter available for longer. Bacopa also upregulates antioxidant enzymes, supports synaptic plasticity proteins (BDNF, CREB), and normalises stress-related hormones that would otherwise impair memory consolidation.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Morgan & Stevens, 2010
12-week RCT in 98 healthy adults over 55. BacoMind™ (300mg/day) significantly improved verbal learning, memory acquisition, and delayed recall on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test.
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 16(7):753-759.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Barbhaiya et al., 2008
Efficacy and tolerability of BacoMind® on memory improvement in elderly participants — a double blind placebo controlled study
12-week RCT in adults aged 50-75. BacoMind™ (450mg/day) improved working memory, auditory attention, verbal memory consolidation, associative recall, and visual retention vs. placebo.
Pharmacognosy Magazine, 4(13):176-184. (Not PubMed-indexed.)
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing & form
250mg
Per serving
Daily
Cumulative benefit
8-12 wks
Onset window
FAQ
The mechanism
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is the most abundant phospholipid in neuronal membranes. It anchors key synaptic proteins, regulates receptor activity, and maintains the membrane fluidity that allows ions and signals to move freely. With age, PS levels in the brain decline — impairing the precision and speed of neuronal communication. Supplementing PS helps restore membrane integrity and supports efficient neurotransmitter release including acetylcholine, dopamine, and serotonin.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Duan et al., 2025
12-month RCT in 190 adults aged 65+ with mild cognitive impairment. PS supplementation significantly improved arithmetic reasoning, working memory, and short-term memory retention, accompanied by increased serum DHA, EPA, acetylcholine, and serotonin.
Journal of Affective Disorders, 369:35-42.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing & form
100mg
Per serving
Sunflower
Vegan source
Daily
Structural accumulation
FAQ
The mechanism
L-Ergothioneine (EGT) is a naturally occurring antioxidant with a dedicated transporter — OCTN1 — which actively concentrates it in tissues facing the highest oxidative stress: the brain, mitochondria, liver, and kidneys. Inside neurons, EGT neutralises reactive oxygen species, protects mitochondrial membranes from oxidative damage, and supports neuronal energy metabolism. Circulating EGT declines with age and is closely associated with cognitive decline and dementia risk.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Yau et al., 2024
Long-term oral EGT supplementation raised plasma EGT concentrations, improved immediate and delayed recall performance vs. placebo, and attenuated the age-related rise in neurofilament light chain — a marker of neurodegeneration.
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 102(3):841-854.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Cheah et al., 2016
Ergothioneine levels in an elderly population decrease with age and incidence of cognitive decline
Plasma EGT levels decline with age and are significantly lower in individuals with mild cognitive impairment vs. age-matched controls, establishing EGT depletion as a risk factor for neurodegeneration.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 478(1):162-167.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing & form
20mg
Per serving
Daily
Builds over time
Mitoprime™
Branded EGT
FAQ
The mechanism
Salidropure™ delivers precision-fermented salidroside — the principal bioactive of Rhodiola rosea — that is structurally identical to the plant-derived compound, produced without wild harvesting (Rhodiola is now listed under CITES). Salidroside moderates HPA axis activity reducing chronic cortisol elevation, inhibits MAO-B to preserve dopamine availability, activates the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, and stabilises mitochondrial function under stress or hypoxia.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Darbinyan et al., 2000
Double-blind crossover trial in fatigued young physicians during night duty. Rhodiola rosea significantly improved total fatigue index, reaction time, calculation speed, and short-term recall vs. placebo.
Phytomedicine, 7(5):365-371.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Preclinical studies
Xie et al., 2020
Salidroside reversed learning and memory impairment in an Alzheimer's mouse model, reduced amyloid-β levels, and suppressed neuroinflammatory markers including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α.
Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11:568423.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing & form
20mg
Per serving
Daily
Acute + chronic
GMO-free
Fermentation-derived
FAQ
The mechanism
Cognivia® is a dual-extract sage formulation combining Salvia officinalis (Garden Sage) polyphenols and Salvia lavandulaefolia (Spanish Sage) monoterpenoids. Both inhibit acetylcholinesterase — preserving acetylcholine for attention and working memory. Salvia officinalis contributes anti-inflammatory and anxiolytic effects; Salvia lavandulaefolia monoterpenoids are particularly potent cholinesterase inhibitors. Together they deliver faster processing speed, stronger working memory, and reduced mental fatigue under sustained demand.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Wightman et al., 2021
29-day parallel-groups RCT in healthy adults aged 30-60. Daily Cognivia® (600mg) produced cumulative improvements in working memory performance, accuracy, and capacity by day 29 vs. placebo.
Nutrients, 13(1):218.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Babault et al., 2021
Acute effects of Salvia supplementation on cognitive function in athletes during fatiguing exercise
Crossover RCT in athletes. Acute 600mg Cognivia® reduced perceived exertion, improved simple reaction time across exercise stages, and enhanced working memory span under both fresh and fatigued conditions.
Frontiers in Nutrition, 8.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing & form
300mg
Per serving
Dual extract
Officinalis + Lavandulaefolia
Acute
+ chronic benefit
FAQ
Joint Recovery · Joint Health · Natural Formula
Mangoselect® + SCP-II Proteoglycan
Real relief. No NSAIDs. No side effects.
The mechanism
Mangoselect® is a patented extract of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) standardised to two bioactive xanthones: α-mangostin (≥10%) and γ-mangostin (≥1%). γ-Mangostin directly inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes and suppresses PGE2 release — the same inflammation pathway targeted by NSAIDs, but through a natural compound. α-Mangostin suppresses TNF-α and modulates NF-κB and MAPK signalling involved in chronic inflammatory responses.
Pathway
Human clinical study
Romain & Cases, 2015
Pilot clinical investigation in 24 volunteers (athletic and elderly populations) with soft tissue pain. Mangoselect® (600mg/day) for 5 days significantly reduced soft tissue pain by 37.4%. TNF-α suppression also confirmed in a murine inflammation model.
Agro Food Industry Hi-Tech, 26(3):8-13. (Not PubMed-indexed — link to ResearchGate above.)
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Mechanistic studies
Nakatani et al., 2002
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin E2 synthesis by γ-mangostin in C6 rat glioma cells
First demonstration that γ-mangostin directly and competitively inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 activity. Concentration-dependent PGE2 suppression with IC₅₀ ~0.8 μM (COX-1) and ~2 μM (COX-2).
Biochemical Pharmacology, 63(1):73-79.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Setiawan et al., 2023
Anti-inflammatory potency of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.): A systematic review
Systematic review of 24 studies confirming mangosteen xanthones demonstrate anti-inflammatory potency through suppression of COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways across multiple conditions. (Not PubMed-indexed — link to ResearchGate above.)
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 11(F):58-66.
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
The mechanism
SCP-II Proteoglycan is extracted from salmon nasal cartilage and contains undenatured type II collagen and natural proteoglycans — the same structural molecules that make up human joint cartilage. When taken orally, these proteoglycans have been shown to reduce markers of type II collagen degradation, support collagen synthesis, and stimulate chondrocyte activity. They also modulate immune cell activity and reduce TNF-α and IL-1β — the cytokines that drive cartilage breakdown. The result is a compound that supports cartilage from both ends: slowing its breakdown and supporting its repair.
Pathway
Human clinical studies
Tomonaga et al., 2017
16-week RCT in 60 adults with knee joint discomfort. Salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan (10mg/day) significantly reduced type II collagen degradation (C1,2C) and improved the C1,2C/PIICP ratio in subjects with high knee pain and physical dysfunction. No adverse events.
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 14(1):115-126. PMID: 28672901
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Preclinical studies
Le et al., 2020
Oral administration of salmon cartilage proteoglycan attenuates osteoarthritis in a rat model
Oral salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan reduced serum IL-1β and TNF-α levels and attenuated cartilage degradation and joint swelling, with effects comparable to diclofenac at higher doses.
Natural Product Communications, 15(12).
Want the full paper? Email us and we'll send it to you.
Dosing & form
2
Capsules daily
5 days
Initial relief onset
With food
Preferred administration
Joint Recovery vs traditional options
| Joint Recovery | Glucosamine & Chondroitin | NSAIDs | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time to relief | As little as 5 days | 4-8 weeks | 1-2 hours |
| Supports cartilage | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| Natural & drug-free | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| Long-term safety | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ (stomach, kidney, liver risks) |
| Targets inflammation pathway | ✓ (COX-2, TNF-α) | Limited | ✓ |
Safety profile
FAQ